TEST BETWEEN TREATMENT AND BLOCKS Essays - Hypothesis Testing

OBJECTIVE 1 TEST BETWEEN TREATMENT AND BLOCKS Dependent Variable:observation SourceType III Sum of SquaresdfMean SquareFSig. Corrected Model239892.700a926654.7442.887.023 Intercept424116.3001424116.30045.930.000 blocks137360.867434340.2173.719.020 treatment84800.833184800.8339.184.007 blocks * treatment17731.00044432.750.480.750 Error184678.000209233.900 Total848687.00030 Corrected Total424570.70029 a. R Squared = .565 (Adjusted R Squared = .369) We find there is no significant difference between blocks and treatments since its significant value 0.750 is greater than 0.05 We find out there is a significant difference between treatments(urgents) since 0.007 significant value is less than the p-value of 0.05. Thou we could not run the post-hoc test since we had 2 treatments. We find there is a significant difference between the blocks(concentration) as its significant value is 0.02 is less than the p-value of 0.05 thus we run the LSD tests to determine the difference Post Hoc Tests concentration MULTIPLE COMPARISONS observation LSD (I) concentration(J) concentrationMean Difference (I-J)Std. ErrorSig.95% Confidence Interval Lower BoundUpper Bound c1c246.6755.479.410-69.06162.39 c3116.33*55.479.049.61232.06 c4145.50*55.479.01629.77261.23 c5187.83*55.479.00372.11303.56 c2c1-46.6755.479.410-162.3969.06 c369.6755.479.224-46.06185.39 c498.8355.479.090-16.89214.56 c5141.17*55.479.01925.44256.89 c3c1-116.33*55.479.049-232.06-.61 c2-69.6755.479.224-185.3946.06 c429.1755.479.605-86.56144.89 c571.5055.479.212-44.23187.23 c4c1-145.50*55.479.016-261.23-29.77 c2-98.8355.479.090-214.5616.89 c3-29.1755.479.605-144.8986.56 c542.3355.479.454-73.39158.06 c5c1-187.83*55.479.003-303.56-72.11 c2-141.17*55.479.019-256.89-25.44 c3-71.5055.479.212-187.2344.23 c4-42.3355.479.454-158.0673.39 Based on observed means. The error term is Mean Square(Error) = 9233.900. *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. NB Those with the significant value (p-value) less than 0.05 are significantly different FINDING C1 is different from C3,C4 and C5 C2 is different from C5 C3 is different from C1 C4 is different from C1 C5 IS different from C1 and C2 Estimated Marginal Means urgent Dependent Variable:observation urgentMeanStd. Error95% Confidence Interval Lower BoundUpper Bound salt172.06728.443113.805230.328 vinegar65.73328.4437.472123.995 2. concentration Dependent Variable:observation concentrationMeanStd. Error95% Confidence Interval Lower BoundUpper Bound c1218.16739.230136.335299.999 c2171.50039.23089.668253.332 c3101.83339.23020.001183.665 c472.66739.230-9.165154.499 c530.33339.230-51.499112.165 OBJECTIVE 2 Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable:observation SourceType III Sum of SquaresdfMean SquareFSig. Corrected Model232457.500a546491.5005.808.001 Intercept424116.3001424116.30052.983.000 time133719.800266859.9008.353.002 treatment84800.833184800.83310.594.003 time * treatment13936.86726968.433.871.432 Error192113.200248004.717 Total848687.00030 Corrected Total424570.70029 a. R Squared = .548 (Adjusted R Squared = .453) We find there is no significance difference between time and treatment since its significance value is 0.432 which is greater than 0.05. We find out there is a significant difference between treatments(urgents) since 0.003 significant value is less than the p-value of 0.05. Thou we could not run the post-hoc test since we had 2 treatments. We find out there is a significant difference between time since 0.002 significant value is less than the p-value of 0.05. Thus we run the post-hoc test to find the difference Post Hoc Tests weeks Multiple Comparisons observation LSD (I) weeks(J) weeksMean Difference (I-J)Std. ErrorSig.95% Confidence Interval Lower BoundUpper Bound week 1week 2-114.70*40.012.008-197.28-32.12 week 3-158.30*40.012.001-240.88-75.72 week 2week 1114.70*40.012.00832.12197.28 week 3-43.6040.012.287-126.1838.98 week 3week 1158.30*40.012.00175.72240.88 week 243.6040.012.287-38.98126.18 Based on observed means. The error term is Mean Square(Error) = 8004.717. *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. NB Those with the significant value less than 0.05 are significantly different FINDING Week1 is different from week2 and week3 Week2 is different from week1 Week3 is different from week1 Estimated Marginal Means 1. weeks Dependent Variable:observation weeksMeanStd. Error95% Confidence Interval Lower BoundUpper Bound week 127.90028.293-30.49386.293 week 2142.60028.29384.207200.993 week 3186.20028.293127.807244.593 PRESERVATIVES Dependent Variable:observation urgentMeanStd. Error95% Confidence Interval Lower BoundUpper Bound salt172.06728.443113.805230.328 vinegar65.73328.4437.472123.995

The 4 Macedonian Wars

The 4 Macedonian Wars The First Macedonian War was a diversion during the Punic Wars. It was brought on by the alliance of Philip V of Macedonia and Hannibal of Carthage (following Philips naval expedition against Illyria in 216 and then again, in 214 followed by land-based conquests). Philip and Rome settled with each other so Rome could go focus on Carthage. The Greeks seem to have called the war the Aetolian War, according to ​Rome Enters the Greek East, by Arthur M. Eckstein  because it was fought between Philip and his allies on the one side and the Aetolian League and its allies, which included Rome. Rome officially declared war on Macedon in 214, but major operations began in 211, which is often listed as the start of the war, according to Eckstein. The Greeks had been engaged, recently, in their own Social War. It lasted from 220-217 on the occasion of Philip suddenly deciding to make peace with Aetolia. Between the 2nd and 3rd Macedonian War, the Aetolian League asked Antiochus of Syria to help them against Rome. When Antiochus obliged, Rome sent in its legions to expel the Seleucids. Antiochus signed the Treaty of Apamea (188 B.C.), surrendering 15,000 talents of silver. This is the Seleucid War (192-188). It included a Roman victory at Thermopylae (191) near the spot where the Spartans had once so famously lost to the Persians. The Second Macedonian War The second Macedonian War started as a powerplay between the Seleucids of Syria and Macedonia, with the weaker area powers suffering in the crossfire. They called to Rome for help. Rome decided Macedon constituted a threat, and so helped. In the Second Macedonian War, Rome officially freed Greece from Philip and Macedonia. Macedonia was moved back to its Philip II borders and Rome acquired or freed territories south of Thessaly. The Third Macedonian War The Third Macedonian War was fought against Philips son Perseus who had moved against the Greeks. Rome declared war and divided Macedonia into 4 republics. After each of the first three Macedonian wars, the Romans went back to Rome after punishing or otherwise dealing with the Macedonians and receiving some reward from the Greeks. The Fourth Macedonian War When the Fourth Macedonian War began, as the result of a Macedonian rebellion, fomented by a man who claimed to be Perseus son, Rome again stepped in. This time, Rome stayed in Macedonia. Macedonia and Epirus were made a Roman province. The Aftermath of the Fourth Macedonian War The Greeks Achaean League tried unsuccessfully to get rid of the Romans. Their city of Corinth was destroyed for its part in an uprising in 146 B.C. Rome had expanded its empire.

Exploring the Role of Health Managers in Implementing Health IT Dissertation

Exploring the Role of Health Managers in Implementing Health IT Solutions and Meeting Meaningful Use Standards - Dissertation Example For this reason, it is expected that healthcare professionals are likely to face particular hurdles when implementing the goals. There is a salient need for healthcare professionals to develop exceptional competencies to surmount the obstacles and difficulties that they are likely to face. Specifically, healthcare managers who have the obligation of leading their organization to the implementation of stage three will require excellent managerial competencies, as this paper will highlight. Healthcare managers will encounter obstacles when implementing the coordination of care through patient engagement, which is one of the stage three goals. If the healthcare organization is to accomplish this goal successfully, patients should play a significant role in evaluating their health records and generating their data enhancing the available health records. Patients should also engage in a secure exchange of healthcare information with various providers. It will be difficult to ensure that patients are actively involved in these activities. For this reason, healthcare managers need to manifest exceptional managerial competencies of putting in place a remarkable patient portal that will promote the achievement of this goal (Joseph, 2013). Additionally, healthcare managers will face difficulties in the achievement of health information exchange. Notably, the accomplishment of this goal will demand both the provider and the healthcare ecosystem to assume absolute standards. It i s challenging to ensure that there is the expected level of control of the healthcare ecosystem. There was a poor implementation of the stage two adoptions of the required standards concerning the exchange of provider directories. For this reason, it will be difficult to achieve this goal. Healthcare managers will also face difficulties when implementing the public health and clinical data registry reporting. Experts have affirmed that there are likely to be both ecosystem and expense challenges because of the distinct measures that must be met in the achievement of this goal.

Library research assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Library research - Assignment Example (check this link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7w5nMXB828Q&feature=plcp). After watching several powerpoint presentation and videos I now have a better idea how to do a research using the website despite the unavailability of the instruction video on how to begin a research. It is just unclear to me if there are soft copies of the book where I can access through my computer and download it because the instructional video just tells how to locate the book. I believe this is important because it makes research more efficient that would enable us to dig more reading materials at a lesser amount of time. My top three videos viewed are â€Å"Overview of Mason Libraries† because it provides me an idea how the online and physical library interacts,   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Find a Book video† because it instructs me how to locate the book that I need in the maze of our library and â€Å"Find the Full-text of Google Scholar Articles† because it makes easier how to understand a book.   In general, the website had been helpful in orienting me how to do a research and I believe that I am now more prepared to do

The causes of the increase in turnover at the Roanoke branch of Assignment

The causes of the increase in turnover at the Roanoke branch of Phoenix Advertising - Assignment Example The first method used to determine this was through informal one-on-one sessions with staff from various levels in the company. I had meetings with the Graphics and the Design teams: interviews were conducted and group discussions were held with various staff members so that individually as well as collectively their thoughts could be heard. This was to discover employee satisfaction and morale. These sessions were designed to gather how the employees see the company, understand its values and picture themselves fitting into the overall scheme of things. They were encouraged to share how the information flowed from each department to the next and whether there were any gaps. A short survey was also conducted. The second assessment was regarding customers. All the frontline staff including account managers and department heads, was brought together in a group meeting on customer service. They were asked how they served the clients, what the service process was like and what kind of hindrances they faced in their work. Everyone was collectively asked to define what they think of it.

Employment Among Peoples With Disabilities Social Work Essay

Employment Among Peoples With Disabilities Social Work Essay Companies decisions to hire and retain employee can be influence of variety of factors. The study examines factors that influence companies decision to hire a person with disabilities in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. While not denying the fact that there are numerous factors contributing to the companies decisions to hire disabled people. According to the Department of Social Welfare Malaysia, persons with disability is any person who is unable to obtain for himself/herself, fully or partially, the normal requirements of an individual and / or is unable to participate fully in the community due to shortcomings either physically or mentally and whether it occurred since birth or later in life. There are six categories of disabilities that are identify and registered in the department that is first hearing disability including deaf and mute, second is vision disability including blind that is eyesight less than 3/60 for the good eye even with vision support equipment (eye glasses) and low visi on/partially sighted that is eyesight less 6/18 but equal or better than 3/60 for the good eye even with vision support equipment (eye glasses), third is physical disability such as Polio, Amputee, Muscular Dystrophy, Myopathy, Neuropathy, Osteogenesis Imperfecta and others, fourth is Cerebral Palsy such as Hemiplegia that is Cerebral palsy that affect half of the body, Diplegia that is Cerebral palsy that affect both legs and Quadriplegia that is Cerebral palsy that affect all limbs, fifth is learning disability that is Global Development Delay (for children age People with disabilities are often being socially excluded in our Malaysian Society (Malaysian Care Organisation). Negative attitudes towards persons with disabilities has been identified as a barrier them to particiapte fully in society (Hasnah Toran et al., 2009). Without a concerted effort and awareness from companies and public as well, there is no improvement for this people to participate fully in society. Malaysia passed the Person with Disability Act (PWDA) in 2008 as part of its obligations under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN convention). According to this Act, those persons with disabilities shall have equal access to public facilities, amenities, services and buildings, public transport, education, employment, information, communication and technology, cultural life, recreation, leisure and sport (www.thenutgraph.com). This Act as a basis for equalization of opportunities for person with disabilities, to eliminate discrimination and harrasment against them and to promote their full participation as equal citizens of this country (Zulfikri Osman, 2003). 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT There are 15,409 PWDs registered with the State Welfare Services Department in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah as at July 2010, including those with physical or mental disabilities, hearing and vision impairment, cerebral palsy as well as intellectually challenged according to Community Development and Consumer Affairs Minister Datuk Azizah Mohd Dun in the Daily Express( 10 October 2010). According to her, there are many other PWDs out there have not registered to the department and urges to do so and the society must adapt to their needs and accord them the same right. There are some approaches and campaign done by government to improve the standard of living disabled persons. In general, the reaction of the private sector towards employment of disabled people may be due to misperception about people with disabilities. Hooi (2000a, p. 4) quotes Bathmavathi Krishnan, a senior disabled librarian in Kuala Lumpur: Most employers are reluctant to employ the disabled because of concerns regarding safety regulations, the need to modify premises such as installing ramps, disabled-friendly toilets and extra medical costs. Mariah Abdul Rahman (Hooi 2000a, p. 4) a web-lab manager in MIMOS Bhd, cites prejudice and the fear of uncertainty among employers as the main reasons why people with disabilities find it difficult to seek employment. In this era of globalization and digitization where competitive pressures of the new economy spill over into the lives of the rich, poor and disabled people, the need for a decent job is even more fundamental to a life of dignified existence: The work that we do has a crucial impact on our social and material well-being, in terms of income, class, status, influence, social relationships and personal identity (Barnes, Mercer Shakespeare 1999, p.1 10). The purpose of this study is to investigate companies attitudes towards employment of persons with disabilities in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah . 1.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE 1) The objective of this study is to investigate factor that influence companies attitudes toward the employment of persons with disabilities. 2) To recommend suitable employee for the private company. 1.3 SCOPE OF STUDY The scope of the study covers a few selected Private companies in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah (Sembulan, Tanjung Aru, Lintas, Inanam and Likas). 1.4 SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY This study is significant because it seek to measure the companies opinions and view in hiring persons with disabilities. This study will benefit the government, disabled people, employers and local universities as there were few empirical studies in this area. Hence the findings from this study can be used by the government and employers to develop better effort in developing disabled people to live in better living conditions and in the workplace. 1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS The terms used in the study are defined for ease of understanding 1.6.1 Disability person Those who have long term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society (Social Welfare Department of Malaysia). Disability is defined according to the American Disability Act: 1) A person who has a physical of mental impairment, which substantially limits a major life activity, 2) Has record of that impairment that is used by the employer to discriminate against the individual, and 3) Is regarded by others as having such an impairment, whether impaired or not (this category includes AIDS/HIV) (Fersh Thomas, 1993; Spechler, 1996; Presidents Committee on Employment of People with Disabilities, 1993). 1.6.2 Private Company Business firm in the private (non-public) sector of an economy, controlled and operated by private individuals (and not by civil servants or government-employees) (retrieved from businessdictionary on 18 October 2010). 1.6.3 Attitude` An attitude is a learned predisposition to behave in a consistent favorable or unfavorable way with respect to a given object (Schiffman Kanuk, 1994). Attitude is a combination of beliefs and feelings that influence behavior (Brostrand, 2006). author (Brostrand, 2006). While Triandis, Adampoulus, and Brinberg (1984) also defines attitude as an idea or belief is driven by feelings and produce a certain behavior in a social situation. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Hiring People with Disabilities A 1994 study by Ford attempted to determine where employers received information about the ADA and their training in hiring people with disabilities. Participants were also asked what services they needed to employ people with severe disabilities and in what areas they were lacking information. Responses included lack of information about supported employment, disability, building modifications, employer benefits, laws, funding, rehabilitation technology devices and services, and service providers. When participants were asked whether they were able to provide the rehabilitation technology necessary to employ an individual with a disability, 74% said they were not. When asked to state why, 23% said lack of funds, 22% indicated lack of expertise, 19% did not know where to go for training, and 14% stated it was due to low priority, lack of time, lack of feedback, or personal constraints. Twenty-six percent of employers surveyed said they had never made a referral to a vocational rehabi litation agency for an employee with a disability. When asked why, 36% said they did not even know it was possible, 24% did not know where to refer to, 26% said it was not their job, and the remaining 14% stated it was not in their best interests or in the best interests of the employee with the disability (Ford, 13 1994). The results of this study indicate that employers need more information and assistance in employing people with disabilities. Employers Attitudes While some studies have explored the need employers have for information, other studies have investigated employers attitudes towards hiring people with disabilities. One study on employers attitudes made use of a scale developed by Kregel and Tomiyasu (1994) This scale measured the attitudes of 170 employers toward workers with disabilities and towards the ADA. The results of this study found that while 96% of the 170 employers interviewed knew of the ADA, only 36% said they would support mandated quotas for hiring people with disabilities. The employers were asked about their satisfaction and previous experience with people with disabilities in the workplace; 73% had previous experience. Of that 73%, 78% were satisfied with the performance of the worker with a disability, 11% were somewhat satisfied. Overall, this study found employers to have a positive attitude towards people with disabilities. The employers did acknowledge that in order for the transition into the workforce to be successful they needed to provide a good effort. On the other hand, employers did not feel they had to create jobs or employ persons with disabilities themselves. They did feel assistance would be necessary to hire a person with a disability, but few felt it would be too expensive. In addition, although these employers saw people with disabilities favorably, they believed the hiring of a person with a disability would depend on the extent or severity of the disability. The employers also expressed some personal concerns, which included fears of not being able to communicate with the employee and fear of the employee with a disability making special demands (Kregel Tomiyasu, 1994). Building Relationships Developing relationships between vocational rehabilitation agencies and employers will increase communication and benefit both. Employers will receive assistance in the logistics of hiring an individual with a disability and VR will more successfully place clients into open positions within those companies. Accommodation is one area where employers struggle to know what is necessary and how to implement it. When accommodating workers with disabilities it is important for companies to realize that they do not have to do it on their own. It is suggested that companies take a proactive approach. Some suggested guidelines are: 1) Designate a company representative to oversee ADA compliance. 2) Create and maintain cooperative relationships with other companies and community resources. 3) Ensure that all company policies are compatible with ADA prescriptions 4) Consult rehabilitation professionals to assist in the formulation and review of accommodation options, and preparation of work and non-work environments. (Mullins, Rumrill, Roessler, 1994, p. 16) Attitudes of Society and Employers Due to attitudes or society and, more specifically, employers, job placement and job development for individuals with a mental disability can be challenging in itself; add the concept of job development, and you have an even more complicated situation. In job placement, the job placement specialist works with individuals with mental illness in various types of vocational environments, finds out that they may be more like a salesperson attempting to sell a product to community employers. The product that the job placement specialist is promoting to community employers is his or her clients abilities and skills. The motivation for this action is that community employers have what rehabilitation professionals and their consumers want-a job in an integrated community setting. However, acquiring this vocational goal is not as easy as it sounds-get the job (University of Wisconsin-Stout, 1983). The placement to specialist needs to be persuasive, because if he or she is not able to promote their clients to employers in the community, the unemployment rate may stay the same or even worsen (Fabian Waterworth, 1993). In order for this event to take place, the job placement specialist must create a working relationship with the employer in order to create a positive working environment for his or her client. Malaysian empployers attitude A study by Zulfikri Osman (2003) on Malaysian employers attitudes toward hiring persons with disabilities found that Malaysian employers are found to be discriminative in hiring disabled workers. Jobs offered to disabled workers are normally for lower position. The Ministry of National Unity and Social Development thhrough its working group on legislation had drafted a proposed Act to be called Person with Disabilities Act. However, these federal initiatives, as important as they are, have not changed the way many employers feel about hiring the disabled people. The study also found that, those surveyed perceived their organizations had been unfair in offering jobs while at the same time do not provide special training programs tailored for disabled workers. On the positive side though, organizations gave the same benefits and salary schemes, equal opportunity for advancement and are socially responsible in term of employment oppotunity given to disabled workers. However, employers d o not really care about disabled people involvement in building. Moreover, organizations seemed to prefer normal prospective employees, during selection and recruitment, to disabled people. The cross tabulations revealed that the private sectors employment of disabled workers declined sharply. The three hypotheses were then tested and found that training and development policy and the legal and ethical environment were proven to have significant relationships with employers attitude individually. However, an organization unique workplace environment was not. Although the strengths of each relationship were not established the significance of two out of three, are thought to be good for future research and prediction on employers attitude. Finally, the findings raised the need for a review of existing legal provisions to ensure equal employment opportunity for all. A study by Noraini Mohd Salleh, Khalid Abdullah and Nor Aishah Buang (2001) on Job Opportunities for Special Needs Poplulation in Malaysia found that the special needs populations short comings or their handicapping factors were not the stumbling blocks of their career development and education has played a major role towards their success. Seven hundred fourthy six special needs individuals (blind, low vision, deaf, mentally retarded, cerebral palsy, down syndrome, epileptic, stutter, physically disabled, spastic, and with speech problems) with jobs were identified and some of the jobs undertaken by the special needs population are classified as: professional, semi-professional; skilled non-professional and unskilled non-professional. Hundred fourty government agencies and private companies were located. These employers or potential employers suggestions for their clients or potential clients training to be more specific and suitable for the job market; in line with the countrys nee ds; business bias; inclination towards industrialization: electronic, information technology; food and tailoring. A study by Prabha Ramakrishnan (2007) on Critical Factors Influencing Employment of Disabled Persons in Malaysia. There are four factors covered by the study that are namely, the organisational commitment to employment of disabled people, attitude attitude towards disabled workers, the organisational policies on disability, and the employment opportunities for the disabled people. The first three factors constitute the independent variables, and the last one, the dependent variable. The first variable organisational commitment to employment of disabled people. The second variable is attitude towards disabled workers. The third variable organisational policies on disability. Overall, these three independent variables significantly explain the variance in the dependent variable, i.e. employment opportunities for the disabled persons. The findings of this study show that the organisational commitment to the employment of disabled people is fairly favourable. This is indicated by a highe r organizational commitment by companies that employ disabled workers; it is also shown by a higher emphasis for training employees towards disability issues. However, there is no significant difference in the recruitment of disabled workers between organisations that employ no disabled persons and those that employ disabled persons. The overall attitude towards employment of disabled people is not actually favourable, although the co-workers perception of disabled staff is fairly favourable. While the organisational perception on the need for supervision of disabled employees is somewhat favourable, the organisations that currently employ disabled persons are of the opinion that greater supervision is needed. The general perception on the current organisational policy for employment of disabled persons is not really favourable, although organisations that employ disabled people perceive themselves to have a more favourable policy. Findings on the barriers to employment of disabled people indicate that Malaysian organisations perceive the lack of related experience in managing disability issues as the most significant barrier. Other barriers, in descending order, are the lack of education on disability topics, lack of required skill and training, cost of supervision of disabled workers, attitude towards and stereotyping of disabled workers, lack of knowledge about accommodation issues, cost of training for disabled employees, and the cost of accommodation for the disabled workers. Although the Malaysian government has provided incentives to the private sector and set quota for the public sector to improve the employment rate of disabled persons, overall research findings show that disability employment and opportunities for such employment is low in Malaysia. Ganapathy (Jayasooria 2000) in 1992 identified five reasons for low hiring of disabled persons in Malaysia; first reason is the absence of a nation-wide register of job seekers among disabled persons because the Government and voluntary agencies were not well coordinated, the second reason is the prejudice existing against disabled people, the third is the poor access to public facilities, the fourth reason is the restricted location of employment more concentrated than distributed, and, the fifth reason is reluctance of employers to modify or adapt machinery and facilities for disabled workers. 2.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Independent variables Dependent variable Co-workers perception Companies attitudes Work performance Managements perception on the need for supervision Figure 1 INDEPENDENT VARIABLES: Co-workers perception Co-workers perception towards disabled workers either favorably or non-favorably that affect on companies attitudes in hiring them. Work performance Work performance of disabled workers such as their skills and abilities in performing their task that affect on Companies attitudes. Managements perception on the need for supervision Managements perception on the need for supervision of disabled workers after hiring them that either favorably or non-favorably. DEPENDENT VARIABLE: COMPANIES ATTITUDES Companies attitude is referring to their opinions and views and what factors that influence them in hiring persons with disabilities. CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD 3.1 Research Design For the purpose of this study, the research design will be sample survey. The research demands for information from people in five places in Kota Kinabalu which are Sembulan, Likas and Tanjung Aru. It means the administration of questionnaires will be distributed to sample of selected company. Types of approaches being used is by a questionnaire survey. 3.2 Unit of Analysis As this study will address the companies attitudes towards employment persons with disabilities, unit analysis will be the employer and employee of the selected private companies. 3.3 Sample size The sample size for the purpose of this study is 50 respondents which taken randomly in that five places of selected private companies. 3.4 Sampling Technique Five places in selected area will be selected for closer analysis of companies attitudes towards employment of persons with disabilities. The type of sampling is random sampling technique to select the sample. The sampling frame for this study was produced by a compilation of names of corporations and smaller businesses from telephone directories and from the Labour Department List. A list of organisations was tabulated and a number was assigned to each organisation. The organisations were selected using the statistical random numbers table. 3.5 Research Measurement/instrument The variables and their measurement are outlined in the following sections. Co-workers perception Co-workers perception towards disabled workers either favorably or non-favorably that affect on companies attitudes in hiring them. It is interval scale; a set of statement can be developed to assess respondents perceptions. The respondents can agree or disagree using five-point Likert scale: strongly disagree= 1, disagree=2, neutral= 3, agree=4, strongly agree=5. Work performance Work performance of disabled workers such as their skills and abilities in performing their task that affect on Companies attitudes. The respondents can agree or disagree using five-point Likert scale: strongly disagree= 1, disagree=2, neutral= 3, agree=4, strongly agree=5. Managements perception on the need for supervision Managements perception on the need for supervision of disabled workers after hiring them that either favorably or non-favorably that affect on companies attitudes. strongly disagree= 1, disagree=2, neutral= 3, agree=4, strongly agree=5. 3.6 Data collection The data for this study will be collected thorough survey questionnaire. This method was chosen because it easier to deliver and collected. 3.7 Data Analysis For this study, data analysis was done by quantitative methods where statistical analysis was conducted in descriptive of statistic. Descriptive statistics methods were used to compute frequencies, measures of central tendency such as the mean, median and the mode and dispersion such as the range, the variance and the standard deviation. The data collected from the survey questionnaire were analysed using Statistical software tool (SPSS 17.0).

Domestic Violence in America Essay -- Violence Against Women Essays

Domestic abuse in the United States is a large-scale and complex social and health problem. The home is the most violent setting in America today (Lay, 1994). Sadly enough, the majority of people who are murdered are not likely killed by a stranger during a hold-up or similar crime but are killed by someone they know. Not surprisingly, the Center for Disease Control and prevention has identified interpersonal violence as a major public health problem (Velson-Friedrich, 1994). Current estimates suggest that three to four million women are the victims of physical abuse by their intimate partners (Harris & Cook, 1994). According to the FBI, some form of domestic violence occurs in half of the homes in the United States at least once a year (Dickstein, 1988). In reality one out of every six marriages the wife is physically abused. Every fifteen seconds a women is battered in the United States. Daily, four American women lose their lives to their husbands or boyfriends, equaling more than one-third of all female homicide victims (WAC, 1994). These numbers report that too much violence is directed toward women. Historically, domestic violence has been a downplayed and, oftentimes, culturally condoned, American tradition. In the colonial period, laws derived from English common-law permitted a man to beat his wife when she acted in a manner that he believed to be inappropriate. For example, the so-called â€Å"Rule of Thumb† law, which permitted a husband to beat his wife with a stick that could be no larger than the circumference of his thumb, was in effect until the end of the nineteenth century (Dickstein, 1988). The issue of domestic violence, especially wife abuse, first gained national attention in 1974 with the publishing of Scream Quietly or the Neighbors Will Hear by Erin Pizzey, the founder of Chiswick’s Women’s Aid, a shelter in England for battered women. Pizzey’s work helped to stimulate feminist concern and outrage over wife b eating, verbal abuse, financial restrictions and social isolation of women by their husbands (Utech, 1994). Shortly thereafter, the women’s liberation movement, through the National Organization for Women (NOW), advocated for the end of violence against women and sought improved social services for battered wives. NOW also was actively engaged in promoting shelter homes and lobbying congressional leaders for legislation that would... ...t? Because they don’t have the protection they need. The criminal justice system needs to start a victim relocation program for domestic abuse victims. This would ensure their safety and allow them enough courage to leave a horrible situation. In a nation that detests racism and protests animal cruelty then why are women and children still subject to torture and violence in their own homes at the hands of their husbands and fathers? In a politically correct world too many of us still view women and children as inferior, as property. The media portrays women as sex symbols and often with a very noticeable lack of intelligence. Often doctors turn their backs on damage left as the result of abuse because of the fear of embarrassing their patients (WAC, 1994). It is time to declare war on domestic violence. Domestic violence will always be a part of our culture. Women are still not considered equal and historically it was acceptable to beat your wife if she was out of line. Wi th today’s broken marriages and extensive abuse of alcohol and drugs, the matter will only get worse. If strong initiatives are not instilled now, there will be many unnecessary deaths due to the rise in abuse.

Written Questionnaires for Investigating Students’ Career Aspirations

A questionnaire is a set list of questions. Positivists see questionnaires as useful because they produce statistical data which correlations and cause and effect relationships can be drawn. Positivists in particular see questionnaires because they produce statistical data from which correlations and cause and effects relationships can be drawn. Advantages of using questionnaires are very useful for getting large quantities of basic information on career aspirations. The pupils are geographically scattered group.It is easier to research a large sample size of pupils. This can easily be done by posting the questionnaires to them, as Connor and Dewson did in 2001 when they posted 4,000 questionnaires out. Positivists see this as useful because they want to be able to make generalisation by using a representative group. It can be particularly useful when researching sensitive issues. Their anonymity may overcome pupils' embarrassment such as questions about financial support etc. As a r esult, the response may be more likely to be higher to reveal details of their experience.However, it depends on whether the pupils and parents are reassured that their anonymity will be safeguarded. Questionnaires are much better to find data which can be compared and analysed, and are therefore particularly useful for testing hypotheses about cause-and-effect relationships present in pupils’ career aspirations, such as correlation between family income and pupils aspirations. From this analysis, we can make statements about the possible causes of poor pupil aspirations and which children are most likely to have them. Positivists therefore favour this more compared to interpretivists.However there are also many limitations of using questionnaires for investigating pupils’ career aspirations. For example questionnaires are only snapshots of time. They give a picture of social reality at only one moment in time, and for something such as career aspirations which change constantly and are never really fixed always. Furthermore trends in career aspirations are always likely to be present; this means that information could possibly be biased or incorrect. This is why interpretivists tend not to use written questionnaires.Another limitation of using written  questionnaires for investigating pupils’ career aspirations is that they are a very inflexible method as argued by interpretivists. Once the researcher has found out the pupils career aspirations, no other areas of interests can be explored. This contrasts with more flexible methods of research such as unstructured interviews, which allows the research to go in different directions, as preferred by interpretivists. In conclusion, there are several strengths as well as limitations of using written questionnaires, however in the case of investigations pupils’ careers aspirations written questionnaires are useful and insightful.

Breaking At The Seams essays

Breaking At The Seams essays In the years of 1800 to 1850 territorial expansion basically tore the United States apart. Expansion in itself was not a debated issue coming from Manifest Destiny, almost all believed that America should expand to wherever possible. However, it was the issue of the expansion of slavery that pitted the North against the South and split our nation apart. The first evidence of such tension over expansion took place in 1819-1821 over the to-be state of Missouri. The territory of Missouri was of the first to be given statehood out of the Louisiana Purchase. Out of the jurisdiction of the Northwest Ordinance, Missouri saw no reason to stop its long tradition of slavery. Because of this, Missouri applied to the Union as a slave state in 1817. So far north, Missouri posed a threat of further expansion of slavery into all new territories. In early 1819, Congressman James Tallmadge proposed an amendment that would prohibit any new slaves to enter the state and said that all slave children born after the date of admission would be set free at the age of twenty-five. Tallmadge's amendment received almost complete opposition from Southern Congressmen. This could be seen when the amendment passed the North dominated House of Representatives twice, but was turned down by the balanced Senate. In December 1819, Maine applied for statehood as a f ree state and in the end a compromise was reached where Maine would enter the Union as a free state, Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state, and in the remaining Louisiana territory slavery would be prohibited north of 36Â °30? (Mason-Dixon Line). This is now known as the Missouri Compromise, commonly said to be the beginning of American Sectionalism. The South realized a need for political unity in order to maintain thepeculiar institution? and alerted the whole country to the political problems inherent to westward expansion. The next major controversy was over the admission of Texa...

Free Essays on Three Faces Of Aeneas

Three Faces of Aeneas: The Gladiatorial Combat of auctores in Chaucer’s House of Fame Dependence on literary tradition established by the textual legacy of prestigious Latin authors characterized the period of the composition of the House of Fame, one of Geoffrey Chaucer’s early works. Authoritative Latin writers- auctores- provided the works of medieval writers with invaluable ‘truths’, which contributed to the credibility of medieval texts, though robbing them of certain amount of originality. However, in authorizing their works by utilizing the material produced by auctores, medieval writers faced a dilemma- they discovered that the authoritative literary material that comprised the invaluable truths was often contradictory, confusing and inaccurate, as reflected in Book III of the House of Fame: â€Å"Oon seyde Omere made lyes, / feynynge in hys poetries† (ll. 1477-78). Consequently, the credibility of the truths and the credibility of those who uttered them were questioned by those aware of the problem. The House of Fame reveals C haucer’s awareness of the problem. Chaucer’s revision of the Aeneas and Dido episode depicted in Book I of the House of Fame represents a product of the divergent and conflicting literary traditions established by two authoritative giants of the Middle Ages, Virgil and Ovid. This revision, built on carefully selected conflicting poetical/historical truths of both auctores, produces a new Aeneas, simultaneously Virgilian and Ovidian. Aeneas of the House of Fame, I shall argue, possesses three distinguished faces: that of a hero, a traitor, and a victim of heterosexual desire. Chaucer places his rendering of the Aeneas and Dido episode within a dream-vision. The choice of the form of a dream-vision often brings a number of advantages for the writer. A dream-vision allows the author to examine questions that cannot be considered by reason alone and that may require a visionary ... Free Essays on Three Faces Of Aeneas Free Essays on Three Faces Of Aeneas Three Faces of Aeneas: The Gladiatorial Combat of auctores in Chaucer’s House of Fame Dependence on literary tradition established by the textual legacy of prestigious Latin authors characterized the period of the composition of the House of Fame, one of Geoffrey Chaucer’s early works. Authoritative Latin writers- auctores- provided the works of medieval writers with invaluable ‘truths’, which contributed to the credibility of medieval texts, though robbing them of certain amount of originality. However, in authorizing their works by utilizing the material produced by auctores, medieval writers faced a dilemma- they discovered that the authoritative literary material that comprised the invaluable truths was often contradictory, confusing and inaccurate, as reflected in Book III of the House of Fame: â€Å"Oon seyde Omere made lyes, / feynynge in hys poetries† (ll. 1477-78). Consequently, the credibility of the truths and the credibility of those who uttered them were questioned by those aware of the problem. The House of Fame reveals C haucer’s awareness of the problem. Chaucer’s revision of the Aeneas and Dido episode depicted in Book I of the House of Fame represents a product of the divergent and conflicting literary traditions established by two authoritative giants of the Middle Ages, Virgil and Ovid. This revision, built on carefully selected conflicting poetical/historical truths of both auctores, produces a new Aeneas, simultaneously Virgilian and Ovidian. Aeneas of the House of Fame, I shall argue, possesses three distinguished faces: that of a hero, a traitor, and a victim of heterosexual desire. Chaucer places his rendering of the Aeneas and Dido episode within a dream-vision. The choice of the form of a dream-vision often brings a number of advantages for the writer. A dream-vision allows the author to examine questions that cannot be considered by reason alone and that may require a visionary ...

Higher Education and Long-Term Economic Growth Essay

Higher Education and Long-Term Economic Growth - Essay Example As the study highlights  the most vastly acknowledged gains from postsecondary learning are the economic advantages that individual graduates obtain in terms of better lifetime earnings. However, it is simply the individuals who have gone to college who benefit. The greater community also gains. Not only do graduates are increasingly taxed   on their characteristically greater earnings, but they in addition tend to have greater health, depend less upon the government social plans, are less probably to be confined, and are more possibly to engage in civic activities. In reality, each form of benefit amounts to others, creating a flow of privileges from postsecondary learning.   Many researches underestimate the privileges of higher education since they do not integrate the societal privileges, in realty, analyst’s project that the average rate of return projections utilized to calculate the privileges of rising education may capture just three fifths of the full value of learning.  This paper declares that  some of the extensive advantages created by college educated citizens are comparatively effortless to enumerate. Others are more slanted but uniformly or even more essential. Experimental communal privileges incorporate many that are connected to the economic benefits enjoyed by college graduates.  Even inside earning groups, persons with more learning details that they are in tremendous or very good health.  Projections assert that the government plans between $800 and $2, 000 annually less upon social plans.

Animal rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Animal rights - Essay Example In that regard therefore, awareness on the rights of both human beings and animals need to be brought to the attention of the world. After shedding light as to what right entails, the general public then automatically holds the responsibility of asking why. Here, it is realized that the rights of humans are well found on the basis of the animals rights. It is clear that animal rights establish what is termed as a philosophical stand for the human rights, just as is put clear in Reagan’s theory where he considers life as the body of integrity and argues that it is to be protected. The theory further argues on the study by Tuskegee that the liberty of individual beings has to be protected. The moral theory extends this same protection to all sorts of life forms out in there globe. It beats one’s sense of reason when one tries to consider animals in the category of subject of life. Animals are subject-of-life. In reality, common sense should apply in such instances. Firstly, the behavior of both human beings and animals are the same; human beings and animals have a psychological supportive linkage that explains the similarity between the two. Firstly, the behavior of both humans and animals are the same; human beings and animals have a psychological supportive linkage that explains their similarity. It should be noted that if the rights of human beings are founded in the rights of who they are, then the rights of animals are also rooted in the sense of belonging that the human beings share. It is realized that individuals with experimental mind sets have their warfare aspects directly affects matters of their personal character. This sort of interest tends to override the common sense that supports the real aspect of rights. The science of judgment and ethical evaluations are blinded by the struggle to make an outcome from their internal element of success. In the experiment, world’s scientists have a role to